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You probably learned in school that your skin is your body's largest
organ. What you probably weren't taught is how to properly care for
your skin. The truth is no matter your age or skin type, the minute
you start taking care of your skin -- keeping it clean, nourished &
pampered -- it will respond in gratitude & you will reap the benefits.
Here I show you tips on how to properly care for your skin, from the
right way to wash your face, to the best moisturizers & UV protection.
Before we start with the proper daily 4-step skincare routine, you'll
need to know your skin type. How you care for your skin is utterly dependent
on the type of skin you have: oily, normal/combination, dry, sensitive
or sun- damaged. Check out this article to determine what skin type
you are.
The Basic 4-Step Skincare Regimen
- Step 1: Cleansing Simple is key here.
You need to find a good cleanser that your skin responds well to,
and stick with it. (I list the best cleansers for skin types in this
article ). Avoid soap at all costs. According to Rona Berg, in her
book, 'Beauty,'a French cosmetics executive once told her 'soap should
only ever touch your skin from the neck down.' Most cleansers contain
oil, water & surfactants. The oil dissolves oil on your face,
surfactants dissolve dirt & makeup & the water washes it all
away. The secret is finding the right mix of oil. Too much on your
skin will clog pores, while too little will dry it out. This is why
you need to know your skin type.
Most women need only clean their faces at night. In the morning,
a splash of lukewarm water is all you need. However, if you apply
moisturizer at night, you will need to cleanse in the morning, too.
Never wash your face with hot or cold water (both hot & cold
water causes broken capillaries) & never go to bed with makeup
on, you run the risk of clogging your pores. Also be careful about
over-cleansing your skin.
Here's the best way to wash your face: Use warm water to loosen
dirt & clogged pores. Use a dime-sized bit of cleanser &
gently apply it in a circular motion, then rinse with cool water.
Cool water tends to tighten the pores. You'll also want to take
off your makeup with a proper makeup remover.
-
Step 2: Exfoliate
'The most important thing you can do for bright, glowing
skin is gentle daily exfoliation,' Katie Rodan, clinical assistant
professor at Stanford University, said in Allure's April 2005 issue.
'Not weekly, daily. Do it in the shower every morning, a routine
like brushing your teeth.'
Every 3 weeks, skin cells are replenished, meaning new skin cells
make their way up from the lowest level of the epidermis. The secret
to exfoliating is to make way for new skin cells by getting rid
of dead skin cells. Removing dead skin cells helps give your skin
a youthful, fresh appearance not only because new skin cells are
fresh & plump, but because getting rid of the dead skin allows
your skin to absorb moisturizer more readily. Exfoliation is the
step most people skip in their daily skincare routine. But trust
me, if you start properly exfoliating your skin, you will notice
an almost immediate difference.
So how much should you exfoliate? If you have oily or combination
skin, you'll need to exfoliate 4 or 5 times a week, after you cleanse.
If you have dry skin or sensitive skin, it's recommended that you
exfoliate once or twice a week. You'll actually need to exfoliate
more in summer & any hot months because sweat acts like glue
& will cause your dead skin cells to stick together and coat
your skin. Many women with mature or sun-damaged skin (a sure sign:
wrinkles) have turned to different types of hydroxies which act
as deep exfoliants. According to Berg, one of the reasons men's
skin looks more youthful than women's is because men tend to exfoliate
daily when they shave.
Should you use a toner? Some people swear by toners, but many beauty
experts do not. Toners are meant to remove all remaining traces
of oil, makeup & dirt, but a good cleanser should do this. So
go ahead, skip it & save money. Turns out only copy machines
really need toner.
- Step 3: Moisturize
A basic law of beauty is that everyone, no matter her skin
type, should moisturize. Even if your skin is oily, it will benefit
from moisturizers. (The only exception is those with acne). Why? Moisturizers
attract moisture & draw it into the skin. They also seal in moisture
(Berg calls this the 'Saran Wrap effect') & plump skin cells.
So how much should you moisturize? Your skin will tell you. When your
skin is tight, it's crying out for moisture. Be careful not to overmoisturize
-- this can cause pore-clogging. For the skinny on great moisturizers
for your skin type, check out this article.
Are eye creams necessary? Well maybe. Some beauty experts strongly
recommend eye creams. Why? The skin around the eye contains no fatty
tissue and is therefore very thin & susceptible to wrinkles.
Special eye creams are formulated to 'thicken' this area & keep
it sturdy. Yet others claim your daily lotion works around the eyes
just as well.
- Step 4: Apply sunscreen
The #1 cause of wrinkles is sun damage, so it's important to use sunscreen
from your early years on even in winter & on cloudy days. A great
trick is to purchase 2 moisturizers: one for nighttime & one for
daytime that includes UV protection. Don't use moisturizers with sunscreen
at night, the ingredients are not meant to be used 27/7 & can
aggravate the skin. When choosing a sunscreen, make sure it contains
1 of 3 ingredients as an 'active ingredient': titanium dioxide, zinc
oxide or Parsol 1789 (avobenzene).
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